Learn About Medical Conditions

Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis and is seen especially among older people.

Osteoarthritis mostly affects cartilage, the hard but slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones where they meet to form a joint. Healthy cartilage allows bones to glide over one another. It also absorbs energy from the shock of physical movement. In osteoarthritis, the surface layer of cartilage breaks down and wears away. This allows bones under the cartilage to rub together, causing pain, swelling, and loss of motion of the joint. Over time, the joint may lose its normal shape. People with osteoarthritis usually have joint pain and some movement limitations.

What treatments are available?

A physician often uses imaging (x-ray, MRI, etc.) to see the extent and location of osteoarthritic joints. With mild arthritis, over-the-counter pain relievers may be sufficient. In more severe cases prescription medications may be necessary.

Arthritis is so common and can be so painful that many people fall victim to advertising schemes and scams. There are no miracle cures for arthritis, and all treatments have advantages and disadvantages.

Keeping strong muscles can help take some of the strain off the affected joints, so appropriate exercise is important. Aquatic (pool) exercises are especially beneficial because water’s buoyancy takes weight off of joints. Weight management helps too. One pound of extra weight at your middle means three extra pounds of force on your knees.

Arthritis of the hip or knee may lead to surgery to replace the joint, either partially or totally. Exercises are carefully prescribed before and after surgery to maintain mobility and strength. Avoiding falls is also critical during this time.

See also: Rheumatoid Arthritis Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health